Black Cats: Myths, Genetics, Sun Fading and Why They Make Great Pets

By Tailwisp Editorial TeamUpdated October 20, 20264 min read

Black cats have had a mixed history. In some cultures they were symbols of luck and protection, while in others they were linked to witchcraft and misfortune. Today, they are among the most common colors, found in shelters, homes and a few breeds, and a growing number of people are discovering that they are just as loving as any other cat.

The genetics of black

Black fur results from a gene that produces eumelanin, a dark pigment, in dense amounts. The black gene is dominant in many lines, and it appears across breeds. Variations produce chocolate and cinnamon, and a dilution gene turns black into blue (gray). A solid black cat carries the non-agouti gene, which stops the banding of hairs that makes tabby stripes. Under the right light, some black cats reveal faint tabby markings, called ghost stripes, especially as kittens. See cat coat colors and patterns and tabby cats.

Cats can also be black and white. See tuxedo cats.

Breeds that are black

A black coat appears in many domestic cats. Pedigree breeds that come in black include the Bombay, which is always black, and the Persian, Maine Coon, British Shorthair and Oriental Shorthair, among others. The Bombay was bred to resemble a small black panther, and is a breed with a defined look and temperament. A black domestic cat is not a Bombay.

Why black cats may look rusty

Sun exposure can break down pigment in the hair, causing black coats to turn a brownish or rusty color. The cats often look their darkest in winter and lighter in summer. Other causes of coat fading include:

• Diet. A shortage of the amino acid tyrosine may affect pigment, though most cats on complete diets get enough.
• Age and genetics.
• Illness. Sudden changes in coat color or quality can signal health problems, and should be checked. See signs of pain in cats for other subtle signs.

Superstitions and reality

In medieval Europe, black cats were sometimes linked with witches. In other places, such as Britain and Japan, black cats are considered lucky, and a black cat crossing your path may bring good fortune. These beliefs say more about people than about cats.

Some shelter workers report that black cats can be adopted more slowly than other colors, partly because of superstition and partly because black cats are hard to photograph. Studies are mixed, and many shelters find that black cats are adopted as readily as others. Still, if you are choosing a cat, giving a black cat a home is a great choice. See adopting a cat from a shelter. Black Cat Appreciation Day, in August, celebrates them.

Personality

Coat color does not decide personality. Black cats can be shy, bold, playful or relaxed, like any others. Choose a cat for its character. See cat personality types.

Care and safety

• Photos. Good lighting helps.
• Visibility. Black cats are harder to see at night, so keep them indoors or in a catio. See how to build a catio.
• Reflective or lighted collars help with visibility, and a breakaway clasp lowers the risk of a snagged collar.
• Grooming. Brush regularly, and dandruff or dust shows up on dark fur. See how to brush a cat.
• Halloween safety. Keep black cats indoors in the period around Halloween, as a precaution against pranks and harm.
• Identification. Microchip your cat. See cat microchipping and identification.

Health

Black cats are no more or less healthy than others. Some research on shelter cats has suggested that black cats may have different immune responses, but findings are preliminary. Standard care applies. See cat vaccination schedule.

Choosing and photographing a black cat

If you are adopting, meet the cat in person, since a black coat can hide expressions in photos and in dim rooms. Look at the eyes, ears and tail to read mood, and use natural light for pictures. Black cats often have striking gold or green eyes that stand out against the coat. Many shelters run special promotions for black cats, especially around Halloween, and some hold events in August for Black Cat Appreciation Day. Whatever the time of year, a black cat is as likely as any to be a cuddly companion. If you are bringing a kitten home, see our guide to kitten supplies and preparation so that the first weeks are calm and safe for both of you.

When to see a vet

See a vet if your cat's coat changes color suddenly or if you notice other signs of illness. Use the US vet directory to find a clinic.