Can Cats Eat Sardines? Benefits, Risks and Safe Serving Tips
Open a tin of sardines and a cat will usually appear from nowhere. The strong smell is irresistible, and these small fish are packed with nutrients. The question is whether they are good for cats, and the answer is yes in moderation, with a few conditions.
Are sardines safe for cats?
Plain sardines are not toxic to cats. They are a source of animal protein, and cats are obligate carnivores that need meat. Sardines are small, low in mercury compared with larger fish like tuna, and rich in omega-3 fatty acids. That makes them one of the better fish choices as a treat. See can cats eat tuna and can cats eat salmon for comparisons.
Possible benefits
- Protein. Supports muscle and a healthy body.
- Omega-3 fatty acids. EPA and DHA support skin, coat and joints, and may help reduce inflammation.
- Vitamins and minerals. Sardines contain vitamin D, vitamin B12 and selenium.
- Palatability. The smell can tempt a cat that is off its food, though a poor appetite should be discussed with your vet. See hepatic lipidosis in cats.
These benefits do not make sardines a complete meal. Cats need a diet balanced for them, including taurine and other nutrients. See how to read a cat food label.
Risks and cautions
Salt. Many canned sardines contain added salt, and brine-packed ones are very salty. Too much sodium is harmful, especially for cats with heart or kidney disease. See chronic kidney disease in cats.
Oil, sauces and flavorings. Sardines in tomato sauce, mustard, chili or lemon are unsuitable. Oil adds calories and may cause diarrhea. Check labels for onion or garlic powder, which are toxic. See are onions and garlic toxic to cats.
Bones. Canned sardine bones are soft and often eaten, but some cats may choke or have trouble, and fresh sardine bones can be sharp. Choose boneless, skinless if you are unsure.
Calories and weight. Sardines are calorie-dense. Too many can add to obesity. See how to help an overweight cat lose weight.
Thiaminase. Raw fish contains an enzyme that destroys thiamine, a B vitamin. A diet of raw fish can cause deficiency and neurological problems. Cooked or canned fish is safer.
Allergy. Fish is a common cat allergen. If your cat itches or gets digestive upset, stop. See cat food allergies and sensitive stomachs.
Phosphorus and purines. Cats with kidney disease, and some with urinary problems, may need to limit fish. Ask your vet.
How much can I give?
Treats should make up no more than about ten percent of your cat's daily calories. For most cats, that means a piece the size of a thumbnail once or twice a week. See how much should I feed my cat. Adjust your cat's regular food to avoid weight gain.
How to serve sardines
- Choose sardines packed in water, with no added salt or seasoning, or fresh sardines cooked plainly.
- Drain well.
- Remove large bones if you wish, and mash the fish.
- Serve a small amount, cooled to room temperature.
- Refrigerate leftovers in a sealed container, and use within a day or two.
You can mix a little with your cat's usual food, or use it to help hide a pill. See how to give a cat a pill.
Sardines for kittens and seniors
Kittens should eat a complete kitten diet, and fish is not needed. See kitten feeding schedule. Senior cats may enjoy a small taste, but those with health problems should check with a vet. See best food for senior cats.
Other healthy treats
Many cats enjoy cooked chicken, small bits of cooked egg or commercial treats. See healthy cat treats.
Sardines and the rest of the diet
If sardines become a favorite, rotate them with other treats rather than serving them every week. Variety limits the chance of excess salt or fat and helps you spot which foods your cat tolerates. Keep a note of any reaction, since a cat that vomits or itches after fish may be sensitive to it.
Storage and safety
Open tins spoil quickly. Do not leave sardines out for more than an hour or so, and never serve fish that smells off. Wash the bowl after use, since fish residue can attract bacteria and flies. Tins with bulging lids or damage should be thrown away.
When to see a vet
Call your vet if your cat vomits repeatedly, has diarrhea, swelling or itching after eating sardines, or if it has a long-term medical condition and you want to add fish. Use the US vet directory to find a clinic.
Frequently asked questions
Are canned sardines safe for cats?
Yes, if packed in water, unsalted and unseasoned, and fed in small amounts.
Can cats eat sardine bones?
Canned sardine bones are soft, but many cats do better with boneless pieces, and fresh bones can be a hazard.
How often can I give sardines?
A small piece once or twice a week at most, as a treat.
Are sardines in oil okay?
Water-packed is better. Oil adds calories and can upset the stomach.
Sources and further reading
Pet food rules and nutrient standards come from regulators and professional bodies. Start here when you want the primary source.
- FDA Center for Veterinary MedicineU.S. regulator for animal food, drugs and recalls.
- ASPCA Animal Poison Control CenterToxic plants and foods lists, plus a 24-hour helpline.
- Pet Poison Helpline24-hour poison advice staffed by veterinary toxicologists.
Tailwisp is independent and written under our editorial policy. Learn who we are, or browse all cat guides.
This article is general educational information, not veterinary advice. Every cat is different. If your cat is unwell, or you are unsure about a symptom, diet change or medication, contact your veterinarian.