American Eskimo Dog Breed Guide: Temperament, Care and Health

By Tailwisp Editorial TeamUpdated October 17, 20263 min read

The American Eskimo Dog, often called the Eskie, is a clever, fluffy white spitz that was once a popular circus performer. It has no real connection to the Arctic; its name came from early twentieth-century marketing. It comes in three sizes: toy, miniature and standard.

Origins and appearance

The breed descended from German spitz dogs brought by immigrants to the United States. Eskies are compact and sturdy, with a thick double coat, a plumed tail curled over the back, a lion-like ruff, small upright ears and dark eyes with a sweet, alert expression. The coat is white or white with biscuit shading.

Temperament

They are intelligent, affectionate and eager to please. They bond closely with family and enjoy being involved in everything. They are alert and tend to bark at strangers and sounds. Some can be shy or reserved if not socialized. They are usually good with children but may nip when excited or when herding. They dislike being left alone.

Exercise

They need 30 to 60 minutes of daily exercise, depending on size. They enjoy walks, play and tricks, and excel at agility and obedience. They are clever and need mental activity too. Use a leash or secure fence.

Training

They are among the most trainable of the spitz breeds, quick to learn and eager for praise. Use positive methods and short, fun sessions. Early socialization is important to reduce shyness and barking. Teach a quiet cue. See how to use treats in dog training.

Coat and grooming

The thick double coat needs brushing a few times a week and daily during seasonal shedding. See double coat dog grooming guide. The coat tends to repel dirt. Do not shave. Trim nails, clean ears and brush teeth. Tear staining may need wiping.

Health considerations

Topics include:

• Hip dysplasia. See hip dysplasia in dogs
• Patellar luxation. See luxating patella in dogs
• Eye conditions, such as progressive retinal atrophy and cataracts
• Skin allergies. See dog skin allergies
• Diabetes. See diabetes in dogs
• Obesity. See dog obesity risks
• Dental disease, especially in smaller sizes

Living with an American Eskimo Dog

They suit houses and apartments with exercise. They are devoted family dogs. Expect hair and an alert voice.

A typical day

An Eskie enjoys a morning walk, a training game, a rest, a play session and an evening outing. They like having a job, such as learning a new trick, and they like company.

Puppies and the first year

Puppies are fluffy and bright. Begin socialization, handling and training. Teach quiet cues early. See puppy socialization checklist.

Costs and commitment

Plan for grooming tools, training, dental care and vet care. See dog vet cost guide.

Seasons and travel

They tolerate cold well, but need shade and water in heat. They travel well and enjoy company.

Common mistakes

Common mistakes include allowing barking to escalate, skipping grooming, leaving the dog alone for long and overlooking mental stimulation.

Choosing a puppy or adult

Ask about hip, patella and eye testing, and the parents' temperaments. Choose the size that suits your home.

Is it the right breed for you?

An American Eskimo Dog suits owners who want a bright, trainable, fluffy companion and can groom regularly. It may not suit those wanting a quiet dog or a low-maintenance coat. For a smaller Asian relative, see the Japanese Spitz.

Three sizes, one personality

Toy, miniature and standard Eskies share the same bright temperament but live differently. Toys are portable and good for small homes, while standards need more room and exercise. Whatever the size, expect a dog who learns quickly, so give it jobs, and keep training upbeat and consistent.

The takeaway

American Eskimo Dogs are clever, fluffy and alert, and they need grooming, training and company.