Pekingese Breed Guide: Temperament, Care and Health

By Tailwisp Editorial TeamUpdated October 17, 20263 min read

The Pekingese looks like a miniature lion, and acts like one. This ancient breed was once guarded in the Chinese imperial palace, and it still carries itself with a self-assured dignity that borders on regal.

Origins and appearance

Legends say the Pekingese was kept exclusively by Chinese royalty, and ordinary people had to bow to them. The breed reached the West in 1860, when British troops brought dogs from the Summer Palace. Pekingese are low, sturdy dogs with a broad, flat face, wide-set eyes, a heavy mane and a profuse double coat with a plume tail over the back. Colors range from fawn and red to black, cream and parti.

Temperament

Pekingese are loyal, brave and independent. They are affectionate with their family but can be reserved or even snappy with strangers. They are not as eager to please as many breeds, and respond poorly to harsh training or rough handling. Most are good watchdogs for their size. Because of their stubborn streak, patience and humor go a long way. Supervise interactions with children and other dogs.

Exercise

Needs are low. Short walks in cool weather and some indoor play suffice. The breed does not tolerate heat or heavy exertion. Use a harness and avoid exercise in humid conditions. See dog heatstroke.

Training

They are intelligent, but independent. Short, rewarding sessions work better than drills. House training can take time. Early socialization to people and other dogs reduces wariness, and handling practice for grooming and vet visits is essential. Be consistent and calm.

Coat and grooming

The thick double coat mats if neglected. Brush two to three times a week, down to the skin, and plan on more during seasonal sheds. See double coat dog grooming guide. Clean the facial folds daily, check the eyes, trim the hair on the feet and keep the hind end tidy. Many owners choose a shorter clip in summer, after discussing it with a groomer.

Health considerations

The breed commonly faces:

• Brachycephalic airway syndrome. See health issues in flat-faced breeds
• Eye problems, such as corneal ulcers, dry eye and prolapsed eyes
• Skin fold infections. See skin fold dermatitis in dogs
• Intervertebral disc disease, because of the long back and short legs. See intervertebral disc disease in dogs
• Heart disease
• Anesthesia risks
• Obesity. See dog obesity risks

Look for breeders who prioritize open nostrils and healthy eyes.

Living with a Pekingese

They suit apartments and cool homes. Keep them away from stairs when possible, provide ramps and avoid rough games. They enjoy a favorite resting place and can be content with a quiet routine.

Common owner mistakes

Overfeeding is common, since weight worsens breathing and back problems. Others expose them to heat or neglect their coat and folds. Never let a Pekingese jump from heights, and use a harness on walks. Plan for vet costs with savings or insurance. See dog pet insurance guide.

Is it the right breed for you?

A Pekingese suits owners who want a low-exercise, dignified, loyal companion and can manage grooming and health care. It may not suit families with small children or those wanting an eager, trainable dog. For a livelier flat-faced dog, see the Shih Tzu.

Questions to ask a breeder or rescue

Ask about airway health in the parents, how the breeder checks for eye problems and back disease, and whether any relatives have needed surgery. Look for a dog with open nostrils and a muzzle that is not extremely short. Ask about socialization with children, since early positive experiences shape this breed's tolerance.

The takeaway

Pekingese are proud and charming but fragile, so keep them cool, lean and carefully groomed.