Scottish Terrier Breed Guide: Temperament, Care and Health

By Tailwisp Editorial TeamUpdated October 17, 20263 min read

The Scottish Terrier is a dog with presence. Compact, dark and bearded, it looks serious and acts the part: loyal and brave, and unwilling to be pushed around.

Origins and appearance

The breed was developed in Scotland to hunt vermin and foxes. It became popular in the nineteenth century and later served as a symbol of Scottish identity. Scotties are short-legged and sturdy, with a long head, erect ears, a bushy beard and eyebrows, and a hard, wiry coat that is black, wheaten or brindle.

Temperament

Scotties are independent, dignified and loyal. They attach strongly to their family and are often reserved with strangers. They can be stubborn and dominant, and may get into disputes with other dogs. They dislike rough treatment. They are good watchdogs, though not usually excessively noisy. Early socialization helps them be balanced.

Exercise

They need daily walks and play, around forty-five minutes to an hour. They enjoy exploring and digging, so provide a secure yard. Use a leash outdoors since prey drive is strong. They can also enjoy earthdog trials.

Training

Scotties are intelligent but headstrong. Training should be consistent, short and positive. Repetition bores them. They can be slow to house train. Socialize early with other dogs and people, and teach recall. See recall training guide.

Coat and grooming

The wiry coat needs regular brushing and professional grooming or hand-stripping every few months. See wire coat dog grooming guide. The beard and leg furnishings collect debris, so clean them after walks. Trim nails, check ears and brush teeth.

Health considerations

Scotties have several well-known concerns:

• Bladder cancer (transitional cell carcinoma), which occurs far more often in Scotties than most breeds. See dog cancer signs
• Von Willebrand's disease. See von Willebrand's disease in dogs
• Scottie cramp, a movement disorder
• Skin allergies. See dog skin allergies
• Hypothyroidism and Cushing's disease
• Craniomandibular osteopathy

Ask about screening, and discuss monitoring urine for early signs of problems with your vet.

Living with a Scottish Terrier

They suit apartments or houses with moderate activity. They like a calm, consistent household. Avoid leaving them unsupervised with small pets.

Puppies and the first year

Puppies are bold and sturdy. Provide firm leadership and early socialization, handle the coat and beard and establish routines. Watch for frequent urination or blood, and report any unusual signs. See puppy socialization checklist.

Costs and commitment

Plan for grooming, regular veterinary checkups and a fund for health issues. Because of cancer risks, insurance may be worth considering. See dog pet insurance guide.

Common mistakes

Common mistakes include harsh training, neglecting grooming, not socializing, and ignoring urinary signs. Do not assume stubborn behavior is spite. Reward good choices.

Questions to ask a breeder or rescue

Ask about von Willebrand's disease tests, family history of cancer, and temperament. Ask how long the dogs in the line have lived.

Is it the right breed for you?

A Scottish Terrier suits people who want a dignified, independent small dog and can manage grooming and health care. It may not suit those wanting an eager-to-please pet. For a similar terrier, see the Cairn Terrier.

Seasons and travel

Scotties tolerate cool weather but can overheat in summer, so walk early or late. After outings, wipe the beard and leg furnishings, which collect mud, burrs and ticks. They travel best with a familiar crate and a regular schedule for rest stops.

The takeaway

Scotties are dignified, determined and health-sensitive, and they need patient training and regular veterinary monitoring.