European Shorthair Cat: A Hardy, Natural Breed From Europe
- Size
- Medium
- Coat
- Shorthaired
- Origin
- Europe
- Weight
- 8-15 lb (3.6-6.8 kg)
- Lifespan
- 14-20 years
- Energy
- Affection
- Grooming needs
- Good with kids
- Talkative
- Shedding
Walk through almost any European town and you will meet the ancestors of the European Shorthair. For centuries, short-coated cats kept barns, farms and ships free of rodents, and they spread across the continent. In the twentieth century, breeders began to preserve and refine this natural type, and the result is a sturdy, handsome cat that looks and behaves much like the best of the ordinary house cat.
History
The European Shorthair comes from the common domestic cats of Europe, descended from cats brought by the Romans and others. Breeders in Sweden, Finland and other countries began to select cats for type in the 1900s. The breed was first recognized in Europe, where it is also called the Celtic Shorthair in some places, and it was recognized by international cat associations later. It is related to, but distinct from, the British Shorthair, which was bred for a rounder, plusher look, and the American Shorthair, developed from cats that came to North America with settlers. See the British Shorthair and American Shorthair profiles for comparison.
Appearance
The European Shorthair is a medium-sized, well-proportioned cat with a strong, muscular body, a rounded head with a moderate nose and round eyes. Compared with the British Shorthair, it is leaner, with a longer muzzle and less extreme cheeks. The coat is short, dense and glossy, and comes in many colors and patterns, including tabby, solid, bicolor and tortoiseshell. Eyes are usually green, gold or copper. Adults weigh eight to fifteen pounds.
Personality
European Shorthairs are easygoing, intelligent and independent but affectionate. They enjoy being with their people, but they do not demand constant attention. They are playful, enjoy hunting games and often keep a strong mousing instinct. They adapt well to different households, and they do well with children, other cats and dogs. See how to introduce a new cat to your cat.
They are usually quiet, and they cope with time alone better than some breeds. Provide toys, climbing and play. See indoor cat enrichment ideas and how to choose a cat tree. They are a good choice for first-time owners. See best cat breeds for first-time owners.
Grooming
The short coat needs little care. Brush weekly, and more in spring and fall when they shed. See how to brush a cat. Bathing is rarely needed. Brush teeth, trim nails and check ears. See cat dental disease and how to trim cat nails.
Health
The European Shorthair is a robust breed with a broad gene pool, and many live fifteen to twenty years. Common concerns are those of cats in general.
- Obesity. They enjoy food, and can gain weight, especially if neutered and indoors. See how to help an overweight cat lose weight.
- Dental disease. See cat dental disease.
- Heart disease. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can occur in any cat. See hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats.
- Kidney disease and diabetes in older cats. See chronic kidney disease in cats and diabetes in cats.
Keep vaccinations current. See cat vaccination schedule.
Is it the right cat for you?
The European Shorthair suits almost any household: families, singles, first-time owners and seniors. It is a good choice for those who want a healthy, natural-looking cat with a calm temperament. It is not a match for someone who wants a rare or exotic look. See best cat breeds for families and domestic shorthair.
Finding a European Shorthair
The breed is more common in Europe than in North America, but it is often available from registered breeders. See how to choose a kitten. If you love the look, a domestic shorthair from a shelter is similar and needs a home. See adopting a cat from a shelter.
Living with a European Shorthair
Provide play, perches and a measured diet. See how much should I feed my cat. Keep your cat indoors or in a catio, and microchip it. See how to build a catio and cat microchipping and identification.
When to see a vet
See a vet if your cat has changes in appetite, weight, thirst or breathing. Use the US vet directory to find a clinic.
Frequently asked questions
Is the European Shorthair the same as the British Shorthair?
No. The British Shorthair has a rounder, stockier look, while the European is leaner and more like a natural domestic cat.
Is it a good first cat?
Yes. It is hardy, easygoing and simple to care for.
Do they shed a lot?
They shed moderately, more in spring and fall.
Do they live long?
Often yes, many reach fifteen years or more with good care.
Sources and further reading
We link to recognised organizations so you can check the basics for yourself. We have no commercial relationship with any site listed here.
- Cat Fanciers' AssociationBreed standards and the world's largest registry of pedigreed cats.
- The International Cat AssociationBreed information and a global cat registry.
- International Cat CareVeterinary-reviewed advice on feline health, behavior and welfare.
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