Persian vs Exotic Shorthair: Differences in Coat, Care and Health
Persians and Exotic Shorthairs are close cousins. They share the same round face, big eyes and gentle manner. The main visible difference is the coat. Choosing between them is mostly a decision about grooming, though health and cost deserve attention too.
The family tree
The Persian is one of the oldest breeds, long loved for its flowing coat and calm nature. The Exotic Shorthair was created in the 1950s and 1960s, when breeders crossed Persians with American Shorthairs, and sometimes Russian Blues and Burmese, to produce a Persian-type cat with an easy-care coat. Today most Exotics still carry Persian genes, and some litters include longhaired kittens, called Longhairs, which are Persians in effect. Read more in the Persian and Exotic Shorthair profiles.
Side-by-side comparison
| Feature | Persian | Exotic Shorthair |
|---|---|---|
| Coat | Long, thick, silky | Short, dense, plush |
| Grooming | Daily combing, regular baths | Weekly brushing |
| Face | Flat, round | Flat, round |
| Size | Medium, 7 to 12 pounds | Medium, 8 to 15 pounds |
| Temperament | Sweet, quiet, gentle | Sweet, calm, slightly more playful |
| Shedding | Heavy | Moderate |
| Health risks | Breathing, eyes, teeth, PKD, heart | The same |
| Typical cost | High | High |
Grooming
This is the biggest difference. A Persian's coat tangles easily and mats if neglected. It needs combing every day, baths every few weeks and regular care of the eyes and face. See how to brush a cat and how to bathe a cat. An Exotic's coat is dense but short, and weekly brushing is usually enough. Both breeds need daily eye cleaning to prevent tear staining, regular nail trims and dental care. See how to trim cat nails and cat dental disease.
Personality
Both breeds are mellow, affectionate and quiet. Persians tend to be placid, enjoy lounging and are content with gentle play. Exotics keep the calm manner but are often a little more playful and curious. Neither is a strong climber or a loud talker. Both do best in a stable home, and both can become stressed by chaos.
Health
The flat, short face brings shared risks.
- Brachycephalic airway problems, such as narrow nostrils and noisy breathing
- Eye problems, including watery eyes and ulcers
- Dental crowding
- Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which can be screened by DNA test. See chronic kidney disease in cats.
- Heart disease
- Heat sensitivity. See keeping cats cool in hot weather.
- Birth difficulties in some females
Breeders who select for a less extreme face may produce healthier cats. Ask about screening, and look for kittens with open nostrils and clear eyes.
Cost
Both can be expensive to buy. Grooming costs are higher for Persians if you use a professional groomer. Health costs may be high for both, including dental work, eye care and kidney screening. See cat vet visit costs.
Which should you choose?
Choose a Persian if you love the long coat, enjoy daily grooming and have the time to do it. Choose an Exotic if you want the same face and temperament with less grooming. If you are not sure, spend time with both, ask breeders about grooming and consider your schedule honestly.
Living with either breed
Both do well indoors.
- Provide low perches and soft beds. See how to choose a cat tree.
- Keep the home cool in summer.
- Offer gentle play and puzzle feeders. See indoor cat enrichment ideas.
- Keep routines steady.
Eyes and tear staining
Both breeds have prominent eyes and shallow tear ducts, so tears can overflow and stain the fur under the eyes. Wipe the area daily with a soft damp cloth or a vet-approved wipe, and keep the hair around the eyes trimmed. If the eyes are red, cloudy, squinting or producing thick discharge, see a vet. Eye ulcers can develop quickly in flat-faced cats and need prompt care. See the emergency warning signs guide.
Choosing a breeder
For either breed, look for a breeder who tests for PKD, screens for heart disease, breeds cats with open nostrils and good eyes, and lets you meet the parents. Ask to see health records, and avoid anyone who advertises extreme flat faces as a selling point. Kittens should stay with their mother until at least twelve weeks.
Living costs
Plan for regular grooming supplies, good food and a vet fund. Persian owners often budget for a professional groomer every couple of months. Exotic owners usually save on grooming but should plan for dental and eye care.
Adoption
Both breeds appear in rescues, and adult cats may be available. See how to choose a cat breed. Use the US vet directory to find a vet who knows flat-faced breeds.
Frequently asked questions
Is an Exotic Shorthair a Persian?
Not exactly, but it was developed by crossing Persians with American Shorthairs, and it has a similar head and temperament.
Which is easier to care for?
The Exotic Shorthair, because of its short coat.
Do both have health problems?
Yes, both can have breathing, eye, dental and kidney issues related to the flat face.
Which is more playful?
Exotics are often slightly more active, but both are calm.
Sources and further reading
We link to recognised organizations so you can check the basics for yourself. We have no commercial relationship with any site listed here.
- International Cat CareVeterinary-reviewed advice on feline health, behavior and welfare.
- Cornell Feline Health CenterFeline health information from Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine.
- Cat Friendly Homes (AAFP and ISFM)Cat-specific care guidance and a finder for cat-friendly practices.
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